Improvement in hand-looms



Inra/Mar."

I HOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C THOMAS A. lIUGIALE, OF RICHMOND, INDIANAu Leiters Patent No. 68,969, dated September 17, 1367; antedazed September 7, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-LOOll/IS.

dlgs' Stimmt tourna tu it time lcttcns ntcnt mit uniting putt rif-tige time.

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. DUGDALE, of the city ot' Richmond, county of Wayne, and State of Indiann., have invented new and useful Improvements in Hand-Looms; and I do hereby declare that thc following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reforeneebeing had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view. i

Figure 2 is a crosspiecc. Y

Figure 3 represents one .side ot'n peculiarly constructed wheel for operating the `picking and shedding devices.

Figure 4 represents the other side of `the wheel, shown in fig. 3.

Figure 5 represents the shedding levers. i

Figure 6 represents a section of the lay (the shuttle-race and cam being removed.)

Figure 7 represents the wheel, (inside views,) with its operative mechanism and grooves A nndA.

Figure 8 is a view of one of the side flanges of the wheel straightened out.

Figure 9 is a like view of another flange.

Figures 10 and 11 are sliding pieces for operating the picker-stati'. i i i A, in lig. 1, is the frame; B, the lay; C, a fly-wheel; D, a cog-wheel; E, a cog-wheel; F, a crank; G G,

the picker-staff; H H are pitmcn; I is a crank; K is a wheel with flanges on the sides, and ratchet-tceth on its edge, parts of which are shown at figs'. 3, 4, and 7; L is a hook which operates the ratchet-wheel, also shown at g. 7; M M are sliding-bars for operating the picker-staffs, also shown,` at `gs. 10 and 1I; N NN N are clamps" in which bars M M slide, one of which is not seen, it` being behindv the `fratrie; K O are springsV to draw baci: the picker-staffs; P P are pieces sliding on rods A2 A3, and for working the trcadles, an enlarged view ot' these pieces being shown` at fig. 6; Q Q are treadles, also shown at iig. 2;` R R, in iig. l, are levers, .i

more plainly shown at R E R R R R in iig. 5; S S, in figs. 1 and G, are springs to` press the sliding pieces P P against the flanges on the wheel K; T is a ratchet; U is n. flange attached to one side `of wheel K, and pro-` vided with offsets and inclined planes, (see figs. 3,4, and 8.) V is a. flange with an offset and three rises (shown at gs 3, 4, and 9;) W, in fig.. 7, is a piece sechred to a. cross-bar of the lay, (said bar is not seen inig. 1,) and for pulling down the harness as the lay is drawn forward; X, strings for pullingdown the harness; Y, in fig. is the cloth-roller, represented by two red lines; Z, in Eg. 1, is the vroller from which the chain or yarn is supplied, also represented by red lines, the lower edge of which s seen behind the lay; 1 1, in lig. 1, are rollers; i

2 2 are cords attached to the harness-frames 3 3, and which pass over the rollers 1 1, and are attached to the levers R in the slot V; 3 3 are the frames' for the harness; 4 and 5 arean ordinary ratchet and spring for` actuating the cloth-roller; 6, represented ,in red, is vthe hreast-heam3 7 7, in iig.v 2, are slots in the lower end of the uprights or treadles Q Q; 8, in iig. 7, is a section of a cross-piece of the lay, (not seen in iig. 1,) .to which is attached the piece W; 9, in tig. 7, is a section ofthe lower cross-piece at the front of the loom, to which is attached the hook L, (see A in tig. 1;) 10 is n spring attached to hook L, and to the cross-piece A; A1 AI, in lig. I, are bcvelled pieces attached to the sliding pieces P P; A2 A2 is a shaft supportedpin the lay, upon which the wheel K is secured, and upon which the lower sleeve of the sliding'pieces P -P slide: A3 is a piece to press on the clotlrroller; A4 A4, pieces secured tothe bottom ofthe lay to support thepicker-stas, and upon which they vibrate; A5 is a shaft, which supports and guides the upper end ot' the sliding pieces; Ati, in lig. 7, shows the groove in which the straight edge of the flange U is' to be placed when formed into a circle; A7 shows the groove in which the straight edge. of the ange V is to be placed when formed into a circle; G O, in g. 1,is a

cross-piccQ-also seen in fig. V5; H O, in figs. 1 and 2, isnlso a cross-piece.

l Construction.

The frame of my loom is made,as other `hand-looms, of goodtimber, secured by bolts ,at the joints, and may be madc'thrcc .and a half feet wide, live feet long, and three feet high. The width Bday be varied to suit the kind of goods intended to hc woven. When the loom is made wide the picker-`stall`s muy be placed inside the frame. The springs used may bo ordinary spiral springs; the harness the same as is used in othcrlooms. `The shaftsAZ and A5 are turned out of good round iron. rIhe sliding 'pieces are made of cast iron or other suit-4 neces. 2

able material, and have hubs attached at the proper places, and are bored smooth so as to slide freely on the Vshafts A5 and AQ. The'sha-ft A2 has a'jonrnal at each end running in bearings in the lay. The pieces A1 A1 are .bevelled to correspond with the rises in the flanges U V, and are very smooth. 'lhe hcvelled ends D 0 D O 0f the two sliding pieces M M are made of steel, and very smooth, and correspond with the inelines l 2 3, as seen at iig. S. 'lhe wheel K is made by cutting a round plate of iron or brass, with six ratchet-teeth on its edge, and turning two grooves on each side oi' the wheel, viz, the grooves represented by A6 and AT, and with corresponding grooves on the opposite side oi' the wheel. I then make two pieces like the one seen at U in fig. 8, form them into circles, and secure one on one side of the wheel in the groove AG, and the other one on the opposite side of the wheel, in a corresponding groove, taking care to have theoll'sets and inclines to come exactly between those on the opposite side of the wheel. Next I form the piece V, as seen :it lig. il, bend it into e. circle, and secure it on one side of the wheel in the groove A7. I then forni another so that the rises 2, 3, and 4 will be reversed, and secure it te the opposite sideo` the wheel in a lcorresponding groove, 'takingr care VVVthat the offset l, at the highest part of the flange, shall come opposite .to the rise if on the other side of the wheel, and also opposite to one ofthe offsets in llangc U, or on a line from the centre ofthe wheel. 'lhe wheel is 4then secured on the shaft A2 A2. '.Ihe piece G O, at fig. 5, should have the uprights E O and F O well socal-ed to it by being mortised into it. A pin is put through the back end of the levers, and through the uprights FO F 0,' for the levers to vibrate on. I do not-confine myself to making my wheel of tho number or" separate pieces above described, as it may be formed in two halves and east in that way and be put together. Neither do I confine myself to the use of the uprights or treadles Q Q, as levers may be substituted and be hung below the levers B. R, andthe same may be connected by cords which will pull down the levers R ll', in place of pushing them down, asis the case with the treadles Q Q.

The operation is as follows: Power is applied to the crank F on the wheel D, which gives motion to the wheel E, and ily-wheel C, and crank I, which givesmot-ion to the lay by means of the pitmen II I-I. By drawing the lay toward the operator the hook L will catch on the ratchcts T, and as the lay is moved from the" operator the wheel K will be vmoved toward him, when one of the inclined planes in the flange U will force ont one ofthe pieces M M, throwing out the picker-staff on one side of the loom, the wheel stopping 'with the piece Mjust halt` way between the two inclined planes, while the other piece M has dropped back into the inclined plane, and halt' way between two inclined planes on the opposite side of the wheel, preparatory to rising the plane upon which it is resting, thc same eeet being produced alternately on euch sidcot' thewheel. The shuttle is thrown from one xside of the loom to the other by means of the picker-staffs thus operated; (I will here remarkl that my loommay be worked by applying the hand lto the top of the lay I3, dispensing with the use of the shafts, eog-wl'ieels, fly-wheel, and pitmen, when a cheaper loom is desired, though attaining less speed;) and as the wheel K revolves toward the operator at the front of the loom, one ofthe pieces A1 having ascended, the rises 2, 3, and -I in the flange V will stand just above the rise Ll, and hold one of the sliding pieces P out of the way of the treadlcs Q Q. The other piece, A1, at tho same time, drops back along the oiset 1, and just before it rises at 7, as the lay is forced back, it operates one of the treadles Q; at another beat of the lay it is forced up the risc 2, and just before lrising at 3 it worlt's another of the treadles Q; at another beat it rises 3 and works another treadle at Q, and at another beat it rises -el and is out of the way. The sliding piece on the opposite side'fot` thewheel performs the saine functions on the other treadles.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure byvLetters Pat-ent of the UnitedStates, is* Y I' 1.'The wheel K, for operating the picking and harness -ineehanism, the said wheel being formed of the flanges U Il', V V, and ratehets T.

2. The Combination of the wheel K, hook L, and pieces M M, with the lay B.

3. The combination of the wheel K and sliding pieces P l), and shaftsA2 and A5, and springs S S, when arranged, constructed, and operated substantially-as and for the purposes described.

'rnoMAs A. DooD/ten.

Witnesses:

JOHN IrNLnv, WILLI/m l. WILSON. 

